the most centrally located district in sierra leone

Krio culture reflects the Western culture and ideals within which many of their ancestors originated they also had close ties with British officials and colonial administration during years of development. The Western Area Urban District, including Freetown, the capital and largest city, has a population density of 1,224 persons per square km. The country's national television network, The Sierra Leone Broadcasting Corporation (SLBC) broadcasts the national football team live match, along with many local radio stations across the country. [92] Strasser was immediately flown into exile in a military helicopter to Conakry, Guinea. [184] Shia Islam does not have a strong presence in Sierra Leone, and there are virtually no Shia Muslims in the country. The Peninsula Mountains rise from the coastal swamps and reach some 2,900 feet (880 metres) at Picket Hill. The first of these goals is to provide solar power to at least 50,000 homes in 2016, the second is 250,000 homes by 2017, and finally to provide power to 1,000,000 people by 2020. The interior contains a variety of landforms ranging from savanna-covered low plains to rocky scarp and hill country. The Western Area Urban District is one of the 16 districts of Sierra Leone. After 11 years, the country conducted another census in 1974, in that headcount, the population grew to two million, seven hundred and thirty-five thousand one hundred and fifty-nine (2,735,159) and after another 11 years in 1985, the census report recorded a population of three million five hundred and fifteen thousand, eight hundred and twelve (3,515,812). Diamond mining has been an important part of Sierra Leones history since diamonds were discovered here in the 1930s. [17], The geographic area has been inhabited for millennia, but Sierra Leone, as the country and its borders are known today, was founded by the British Crown in two phases: first, the coastal Sierra Leone Colony in 1808 (for returning Africans after the abolition of slavery); second, the inland Protectorate in 1896 (as the Crown needed to establish more dominion inland following the outcome of the Berlin Conference of 1884-1885). Men continue to be the lesser population with a total of three million seven hundred and twenty-seven thousand, seven hundred and forty-seven (3,727,747), comprising 49.4% of the total population. In May 2002, Kabbah was re-elected president by a landslide. Bo is located in the Southern Province of Sierra Leone, and the whole urban center is commonly known as Bo Town. On 29 March 1970, Brigadier Bangura was executed by hanging in Freetown. In 1977, a nationwide student demonstration against the government disrupted Sierra Leone politics. Of the refugees remaining in Sierra Leone, nearly all were Liberian.[171]. To maintain the support of the military, Stevens retained the popular John Amadu Bangura as head of the Sierra Leone Armed Forces. In October 2000, a UN-approved certification system for exporting diamonds from the country was put in place and led to a dramatic increase in legal exports. Having had no formal emergency medical services previously, the First Responder Coalition of Sierra Leone (FRCSL) was formed in June 2019 in Makeni to facilitate the development of emergency first responder programs nationwide. ITV and SATCON are currently operational. [55] As the Liberated Africans became successful traders[54] and spread Christianity throughout West Africa, they intermarried with the Nova Scotians and Maroons, and the two groups eventually became a fusion of African and Western societies. Under President Stevens, the SSD had been a powerful personal force used to maintain his hold on power, independent from the Sierra Leone Military and Sierra Leone Police Force. [203] The Jehovahs Witnesses[204] and the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints[205][206] are the two most prominent non-Trinitarian Christians in Sierra Leone, and they form a small but significant minority of the Christian population in Sierra Leone. Koidu Town is home to two of the ten most rough and largest diamonds in the world and was found in the Woyie River which flows through the city. Ten years later, on 19 April 1971, the country became a republic, with an elected President as the Head of State. [222] Between June and July 2019, the FRCSL trained 1,000 community members from Makeni to be first responders and equipped each trainee with a first aid kit. Sierra Leone is rich in natural resources, especially diamond, gold, bauxite and aluminium. [209], Children who have been forced to be part of a war have experienced severe mental and emotional damage in Sierra Leone. In August 2017, one new province (Northwestern), two new districts (Falaba and Karene) and. The coup plot led to the execution of seventeen soldiers by firing squad. "[132], Within the context of local governance, the districts are governed as localities. Many Sierra Leonean youth, children and adults follow the major football leagues in Europe, particularly the English Premier League, Italian Serie A, Spanish La Liga, German Bundesliga and French Ligue 1. Since 1985, the nation did not conduct any census for 19 years. Prior to conducting the election, Sierra Leoneans and international stakeholders were involved in a major debate on whether the nation should focus on trying to end the long running civil war, or to conduct elections and hence returning governance back to a civilian-led administration with a multi-party system of parliament that would provide the foundation for long-lasting peace and national prosperity. He was a close ally of Albert Margai, who had appointed him to the position in 1964. [88] Two thirds of the adult population of the country are illiterate.[212]. There are four districts in the Northern Province: The Southern Province of Sierra Leone has the most coastline on the Atlantic Ocean. A traditional leader from each district has a seat in the countrys parliament, and each district is governed by an elected council. This is due to substandard safety standards.[154]. The Yalunka also spelled Jallonke, Yalonga, Djallonk, Djallonka or Dialonk, are Mande people who have lived in the Djallon, a mountainous region in Sierra Leone, Mali, Senegal, Guinea Bissau and Guinea Conakry West Africa over 520 years ago. Sierra Leone as a country lies between latitude and longitude 12.2 degrees west and 8.5 degrees north respectively. The presidential election, in which neither candidate reached the required threshold of 55%, went to a second round of voting, in which Julius Maada Bio was elected with 51% of the vote. [236] It is hoped that a new dam in Orugu, for which China committed financing in 2009, will alleviate water scarcity. Within the confines of the 1991 Constitution, supreme legislative powers are vested in Parliament, which is the law-making body of the nation. Most of the Mosques and Islamic schools across Sierra Leone are based in Sunni Islam. [227] As of 2014[update], Sierra Leone was estimated as having the 11th highest infant mortality rate in the world. Bai Sherbro was a chief and warrior on Bonthe Island, in the southwestern part of the country. The Kuranko are primarily farmers; leaders among them have traditionally held several senior positions in the Military. [103] The country's population is mostly young, with an estimated 41.7% under 15, and rural, with an estimated 62% of people living outside the cities. The official documentation known as the Book of Negroes lists thousands of freed slaves whom the British evacuated from the nascent United States and resettled in colonies elsewhere in British North America (north to Canada, or south to the West Indies). Be the first to get the latest news, music and videos trending in Sierra Leone. . Sierra Leone is home to Sub-Saharan Africa's first Western-style university: Fourah Bay College (established in 1827). [209] Females can take over the household head if they become widowed or divorced. Sierra Leone is the first African country to join the International Floorball Federation. [234] During the Civil War (19912002), many soldiers took part in atrocities and many children were forced to fight. Freetown The country has a population of 7,092,113 as of the 2015 census. Nearly 20,000 Liberian refugees voluntarily returned to Liberia over the course of 2007. The NPRC Junta maintained relations with ECOWAS and strengthened support for Sierra Leone-based ECOMOG troops fighting in the Liberian war. Sierra Leone's first and second presidents, Siaka Stevens and Joseph Saidu Momoh, respectively, were both ethnic Limba. [237], According to a national survey carried out in 2006, 84% of the urban population and 32% of the rural population had access to an improved water source. The city is the main economic center of the province. Sierra Leone Police was established by the British colony in 1894; it is one of the oldest police forces in West Africa. In addition, differences between the Register of Liberated Africans of 1808 and the List of Captured Negroes of 1812 (which emulated the 1808 document) revealed some disparities in the entries of the recaptives, specifically in the names; many recaptives decided to change their given names to more anglicised versions which contributed to the difficulty in tracking them after they arrived in Sierra Leone. [155], As of 2016, about 12% of the population of Sierra Leone had access to electricity. Former President Siaka Stevens' government had sought closer relations with other West African countries under the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) a policy continued by the current government. In November 1951, Margai oversaw the drafting of a new constitution, which united the separate Colonial and Protectorate legislatures and provided a framework for decolonisation. The Limba are close political allies of the neighbouring Temne. They predominate in the large town of Koindu and its surrounding areas in Kailahun District. The Hidden Discrimination Against American Roma, The 10 Largest Football Stadiums in the World (Soccer). [264] The city has a lot to offer to tourists. Non-denominational Protestants form a significant minority of Sierra Leone's Christian population. (2003) Book review: "The Athens of West Africa: A History of International Education at Fourah Bay College, Freetown, Sierra Leone by Daniel J. Paracka Jr. New York: Routledge". Sierra Leone is home to about sixteen ethnic groups, each with its own language. Prior to 2017, the area of the North West Province was included in the Northern Province, and its cumulative area measured 35,936 square kilometers (13,874 square miles). [181][182][183] The Islamic holidays of Eid al-Fitr, Eid al-Adha and Maulid-un-Nabi (Birthday of the Islamic prophet Muhammad) are observed as national holidays in Sierra Leone. The largest and most influential are the Temne at about 35.5% and the Mende at about 33.2%. Bio would then return the country back to a democratic republic in 1996 through a general election. Waterloo is located about twenty miles east of Freetown. The city houses the second largest university in Sierra Leone known; Njala University. Eventually, with some more recruitment, 411 passengers sailed to Sierra Leone in April 1787. Instead, it borders two domestic provinces and the Atlantic Ocean. Sierra Leone has other smaller cities and towns that make up the geographic region of the country. In addition, it stated that: The population size of Sierra Leone in 2021 has more than tripled since the first modern census that was conducted in 1963. Stations mainly consist of local commercial stations with a limited broadcast range, combined with a few stations with national coverage Capital Radio Sierra Leone being the largest of the commercial stations. [158] As a result, the commercialisation of firewood and coal has been a point of contention with aid donors and government agencies such as the Ministry of Energy and Water Resources and the Forestry Division. 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[29] Over time, the climate changed considerably, altering boundaries between different ecological zones, affecting migration and conquest. The SLPP leadership, led by Sir Milton Margai, negotiated with the British and the educated Krio-dominated colony based in Freetown to achieve independence. On 25 May 1997, 17 soldiers in the Sierra Leone army led by Corporal Tamba Gborie, loyal to the detained Major Johnny Paul Koroma, launched a military coup which sent President Kabbah into exile in Guinea and they established the Armed Forces Revolutionary Council (AFRC). There is also a supply of natural resources such as gold, aluminum, and bauxite, which also contribute to the local economy. [149], Agriculture is the largest employer with 80 per cent of the population working in the sector. Islam and Christianity are the two main religions in the country. . He was reinstated after nine months through military intervention by ECOMOG. It is bordered by Liberia to the southeast and Guinea surrounds the northern half of the nation. Soon after Albert Margai was sworn in as Prime Minister, he fired several senior government officials who had served in his elder brother Sir Milton's government, viewing them as a threat to his administration, including Karefa-Smart. Male. Ajisafe was apparently angry after a Zimbabwean Muslim cleric Mufti Menk had visited Sierra Leone and preached to large crowds. [209] As in the rest of the countries, education is a key factor in succeeding in aspects such as a well-paid job and covering the needs of a house. The Kamajors, a group of traditional fighters mostly from the Mende ethnic group under the command of deputy Defence Minister Samuel Hinga Norman, remained loyal to President Kabbah and defended the Southern part of Sierra Leone from the soldiers. The coastal swamp region extends along the Atlantic for about 200 miles (320 km). The standard of print journalism tends to be low owing to lack of training, and people trust the information published in newspapers less than that found on the radio.[257]. The Kru predominate in the Kroubay neighbourhood in the capital of Freetown. The park is home to elephants, hippos, buffaloes, and many chimpanzees its also listed as a protected area by the UN Environment Programme (UNEP). [55]:34,223255, These Liberated Africans were from many areas of Africa, but principally the west coast. Together these peoples formed the Krio ethnicity and an English-based creole language, (Krio), which is the lingua franca and de facto national language used among many of the ethnicities in the country. [243], Rice is the staple food of Sierra Leone and is consumed at virtually every meal daily. According to the report, Sierra Leones population has increased by 6.4%, since the last census in 2015. In early August 2014 Sierra Leone cancelled league football (soccer) matches because of the Ebola epidemic. [32], European contacts within Sierra Leone were among the first in West Africa during the 15th century. [86] SSD officers were loyal to Stevens and were deployed across the country to clamp down on any rebellion or protest against Stevens' government. [233], Mental healthcare in Sierra Leone is almost non-existent. The Sherbro are primarily fisherman and farmers, and they are predominantly found in Bonthe District. These Police Commissioners report directly to the Inspector General of Police at the Sierra Leone Police headquarters in Freetown. In 1978, the APC-dominant parliament approved a new constitution making the country a one-party state. The demonstration was quickly put down by the army and Stevens' own personal Special Security Division (SSD), a heavily armed paramilitary force he had created to protect him and maintain his hold on power. Many people moved to Freetown during the countrys civil war to avoid violence in more rural areas, and economic opportunities also draw people to the city. [50] The initial process of society-building in Freetown was a harsh struggle. Sierra Leoneans did not passively accept such manipulations. [187] The United Council of Imams, is an influential Islamic religious body in Sierra Leone, that is made up of all imams of mosques throughout Sierra Leone. Loggers have extended their operations to Nimini, Kono District, Eastern Province; Jui, Western Rural District, Western Area; Loma Mountains National Park, Koinadougu, Northern Province; and with plans to start operations in the Kambui Forest reserve in the Kenema District, Eastern Province. The Sierra Leone Broadcasting Service (SLBS) was created by the colonial government in 1934 making it the earliest English language radio broadcaster service in West Africa. A woman can be the head of the house only if she remains single for the rest of her life. The large majority of SLPP members backed Albert Margai over Karefa-Smart. He was found guilty and sentenced to death, despite the fact that it was Bangura whose actions led to Stevens return to power. [107], Deforestation, both for commercial timber and to make room for agriculture, is the major concern and represents an enormous loss of natural economic wealth to the nation. They are locally known as Sierra Leonean-Lebanese. The current Sierra Leonean Defence Minister is retired Major Alfred Paolo Conteh. By geographical area, Koinadugu District is the largest by several thousand square kilometers. A strong free journalistic tradition developed with the creation of several newspapers. 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